Is Coast High a good school?

Coast High ranks 957 th of 2323 California high schools. SchoolDigger rates this school 3 stars out of 5.

How many students attend Coast High?

In the 2023-24 school year, 181 students attended Coast High.

What is the racial makeup of Coast High?

Students at Coast High are 43% White, 35% Hispanic, 13% Asian, 5% Two or more races, 2% African American, 2% Pacific Islander.

Coast High

Summary:

Coast High is a public high school located in Huntington Beach, California, serving grades 9-12 with a relatively small student population of 183 students. While part of the Huntington Beach Union High School District, which is ranked 360 out of 1,568 districts in California, Coast High faces several challenges compared to its higher-performing counterparts within the district.

Coast High has seen a decline in its four-year graduation rates, dropping from 92.1% in 2020-2021 to 89.9% in 2022-2023, which is lower than the district's average graduation rate of 94.7%. Additionally, the school has experienced an increase in its dropout rates, rising from 1.3% in 2020-2021 to 7.9% in 2022-2023, significantly higher than the district's average of 2.6%. Coast High also has a high chronic absenteeism rate, reaching 53.7% in 2021-2022, more than double the district's average of 19.5%. Academically, the school's performance on standardized tests is significantly lower than the district and state averages, with only 55.88% of 11th-grade students proficient or better in English Language Arts/Literacy, compared to 68.76% for the district and 55.73% for the state, and just 23.33% proficient in Mathematics, compared to 44.12% for the district and 27.9% for the state.

Coast High's proximity to several higher-performing high schools within the same district, such as Edison High, Marina High, and Fountain Valley High, which consistently outperform Coast High, may contribute to the school's challenges. Additionally, the school's relatively high percentage of students from low socioeconomic backgrounds, with 32.79% qualifying for free or reduced-price lunch in 2022-2023, may be a factor in its lower academic performance compared to its more affluent counterparts.

Detail:

Public 9-12

17231 Gothard St.
Huntington Beach, CA 92647-5421

(714) 842-4227

District: Huntington Beach Union High

SchoolDigger Rank:
957^th of 2,323 California High Schools

Per Pupil Expenditures: $17,990

Student/teacher ratio: 20.1

Number of students: 181

Racial breakdown:

White:

43.1%

Hispanic:

34.8%

Asian:

12.7%

Free/discounted lunch recipients: 42.5%

See top rated California high schools

Compare Coast High to nearby high schools!

Performance Trends

Compare Details Coast High ranks better than 58.8% of high schools in California. It also ranks 6^th among 8 ranked high schools in the Huntington Beach Union High School District. (See more...)

Compare Details In 2024 the calculated Average Standard Score was 46.43. (See more...)

The four-year cohort graduation rate measures the percentage of students at Coast High who earn a standard high school diploma within four years of starting ninth grade.

The high school dropout rate measures the percentage of students who do not complete their high school education.

Chronic absenteeism in a school refers to a situation where students repeatedly miss school, with the threshold often defined as missing 10% or more of school days for any reason, excused or unexcused.

Student Body

Compare Details Coast High has the smallest high school student body size in the Huntington Beach Union High School District. Student population at Coast High is diverse. Racial makeup is: White (43.1%), Hispanic (34.8%), Asian (12.7%). (See more...)

Compare Details 42.5% of students are receiving a free or discounted lunch. (See more...)

Teachers

Compare Details The student/teacher ratio at Coast High is 20.1, which is the 3^rd best among 8 high schools in the Huntington Beach Union High School District. (See more...)

Compare Coast High employs 8.9 full-time teachers.

Finance

Compare Details The average total spent per student at Coast High is $17,990, which is the highest among 8 high schools in the Huntington Beach Union High School District!

Schooldigger 2024 Rankings:

Coast High:

SchoolDigger ranks Coast High 957^th of 2323 California public high schools. (See Coast High in the ranking list.)

High School Test Score Ratings by Student Subgroup:

Low Socio Economic Status students:

Female students:

Male students:

Hispanic students:

White students:

Huntington Beach Union High:

SchoolDigger ranks Huntington Beach Union High 360^th of 1568 California school districts. (See district ranking list.)

What do you think?

Your rating for Coast High?

(Ranking FAQ)

Rank History for Coast High

Compare

Rank History for all students at Coast High

Year	Avg Standard Score	Statewide Rank	Total # Ranked High Schools	CA State Percentile
2004	34.84	812^th	1653	50.9%
2005	47.68	637^th	1901	66.5%
2006	43.07	777^th	1968	60.5%
2007	43.86	783^rd	2063	62.0%
2008	38.70	950^th	2117	55.1%
2009	56.50	565^th	2238	74.8%
2010	53.84	653^rd	2281	71.4%
2011	55.83	644^th	2367	72.8%
2012	58.93	566^th	2354	76.0%
2013	54.09	675^th	2426	72.2%
2015	73.70	477^th	1994	76.1%
2016	62.32	732^nd	2039	64.1%
2017	53.30	952^nd	2021	52.9%
2018	58.11	839^th	2017	58.4%
2019	44.98	1105^th	2133	48.2%
2022	65.95	602^nd	2123	71.6%
2023	56.37	726^th	2348	69.1%
2024	46.43	957^th	2323	58.8%

See the entire list of California High School Rankings!

Rank History for Low Socio Economic Status students at Coast High

Year	Avg Standard Score	Statewide Rank	Total # Ranked High Schools	CA State Percentile
2018	49.94	961^st	1862	48.4%
2019	63.64	584^th	1937	69.9%
2022	62.62	587^th	1943	69.8%
2023	50.84	863^rd	2247	61.6%
2024	55.68	712^th	2235	68.1%

See the entire list of Best California High Schools for Low Socio Economic Status Students!

Rank History for Female students at Coast High

Year	Avg Standard Score	Statewide Rank	Total # Ranked High Schools	CA State Percentile
2018	43.85	1028^th	1760	41.6%
2019	39.48	1078^th	1833	41.2%
2022	53.96	733^rd	1858	60.5%
2023	54.56	727^th	2118	65.7%
2024	42.00	1028^th	2098	51.0%

See the entire list of Best California High Schools for Female Students!

Rank History for Male students at Coast High

Year	Avg Standard Score	Statewide Rank	Total # Ranked High Schools	CA State Percentile
2018	69.90	536^th	1834	70.8%
2019	40.68	1071^st	1880	43.0%
2022	69.69	500^th	1916	73.9%
2023	56.62	666^th	2207	69.8%
2024	48.99	836^th	2172	61.5%

See the entire list of Best California High Schools for Male Students!

Rank History for Hispanic students at Coast High

Year	Avg Standard Score	Statewide Rank	Total # Ranked High Schools	CA State Percentile
2019	64.84	536^th	1814	70.5%
2022	45.36	943^rd	1861	49.3%
2023	36.75	1200^th	2142	44.0%
2024	44.50	983^rd	2125	53.7%

See the entire list of Best California High Schools for Hispanic Students!

Rank History for White students at Coast High

Year	Avg Standard Score	Statewide Rank	Total # Ranked High Schools	CA State Percentile
2018	30.38	858^th	1173	26.9%
2019	14.73	1050^th	1222	14.1%
2022	50.11	592^nd	1204	50.8%
2023	41.62	726^th	1434	49.4%
2024	20.95	1047^th	1406	25.5%

See the entire list of Best California High Schools for White Students!

Data source: test scores: California Department of Education, rankings: SchoolDigger.com

As you review the school rankings data, please be aware that some of the information from certain demographics is missing. The reason for this omission is that the data has been redacted from the source data itself due to low population samples in these specific demographic groups.

Redacting data from low population samples is a necessary step to ensure the reliability and accuracy of the results, as small sample sizes may not be representative of the broader population. Additionally, this measure helps protect the privacy of individuals belonging to these demographic groups.

Data source: California Department of Education

We're sorry, but no reviews have been submitted for Coast High.

If you have first-hand knowledge about Coast High, submit a rating!

Reviews:
No reviews have been submitted!

Enrollment information for Coast High

Compare

Year	White	African American	Asian	Hispanic	American Indian	Pacific Islander	Two or More Races	Not Specified	Total
1988	53	1	1	5	4	n/a	n/a	0	64
1989	273	7	21	38	31	n/a	n/a	0	370
1990	238	7	17	42	21	n/a	n/a	0	325
1991	187	5	20	50	32	n/a	n/a	0	294
1992	131	6	17	43	22	n/a	n/a	0	219
1993	94	1	11	40	21	n/a	n/a	0	167
1994	114	4	10	37	18	n/a	n/a	0	183
1995	120	3	18	40	20	n/a	n/a	0	201
1996	120	3	18	40	20	n/a	n/a	0	201
1997	156	2	16	46	24	n/a	n/a	0	244
1998	144	1	10	39	21	n/a	n/a	0	215
1999	136	1	10	35	16	n/a	n/a	0	198
2000	131	3	18	54	29	n/a	n/a	0	235
2001	138	2	14	37	25	n/a	n/a	0	216
2002	171	1	22	41	16	n/a	n/a	0	251
2003	171	1	22	41	16	n/a	n/a	0	251
2004	166	0	18	35	10	n/a	n/a	0	229
2005	189	1	12	56	22	n/a	n/a	0	280
2006	182	3	16	44	18	n/a	n/a	1	264
2007	172	3	13	58	15	n/a	n/a	1	262
2008	143	7	15	38	30	n/a	n/a	0	233
2009	135	4	6	33	32	1	0	0	211
2010	127	5	3	33	23	2	2	0	195
2011	105	3	5	25	14	2	8	0	162
2012	74	0	4	9	13	2	12	0	114
2013	55	1	6	24	5	2	15	0	108
2014	87	2	7	22	8	3	16	0	145
2015	99	0	5	28	13	0	10	0	155
2016	118	3	20	45	11	1	10	0	208
2017	107	1	17	51	10	2	10	0	198
2018	99	5	22	43	5	1	9	0	184
2019	110	4	32	65	3	1	11	0	226
2020	94	3	27	54	2	1	7	0	188
2021	88	3	27	48	0	0	14	0	180
2022	96	6	33	76	3	0	13	1	228
2023	83	3	23	57	2	3	10	2	183
2024	78	4	23	63	1	3	9	0	181

Data source: National Center for Education Statistics, U.S. Dept of Education.

About Enrollment/Ethnicity

For more information about how the Department of Education defines ethnicity, see Defining Race and Ethnicity Data, National Center for Education Statistics

Students eligible for free or discounted lunch at Coast High

Compare

Year	# Students	Full-time Teachers	Student/Teacher ratio	% Free/Discounted Lunch
1988	64	3.0	21.3	n/a
1989	370	1.0	370.0	n/a
1990	325	4.0	81.2	n/a
1991	294	3.0	98.0	n/a
1992	219	3.0	73.0	5
1993	167	1.0	167.0	3
1994	183	1.0	183.0	9.3
1995	201	1.2	167.5	2.5
1996	201	1.2	167.5	2.5
1997	244	2.5	97.6	0
1998	215	6.7	32.1	0.5
1999	198	0.0	0.0	4
2000	235	8.0	29.4	14.5
2001	216	10.0	21.6	3.7
2002	251	8.0	31.4	0
2003	251	8.0	31.4	0
2004	229	7.0	32.7	2.6
2005	280	6.0	46.7	5
2006	264	8.4	31.4	4.9
2007	262	7.6	34.5	5.4
2008	233	12.8	18.2	4.7
2009	211	9.0	15.1	7.1
2010	195	9.0	21.6	9.7
2011	162	n/a	n/a	16.7
2012	114	7.0	16.2	n/a
2013	108	6.0	18.0	15.7
2014	145	8.0	18.1	10.3
2015	155	9.0	17.2	20
2016	208	9.0	23.1	15.4
2017	198	11.6	16.9	20.2
2018	184	9.6	19.0	25.5
2019	226	12.5	18.0	26.5
2020	188	n/a	n/a	18.6
2021	180	11.2	15.9	23.3
2022	228	8.3	27.2	39.9
2023	183	9.3	19.5	32.8
2024	181	8.9	20.1	42.5

Data source: National Center for Education Statistics, U.S. Dept of Education.

About Students eligible for discounted/free lunch:

The National School Lunch Program (NSLP) provides low-cost or free meals to students in U.S. public and nonprofit private schools based on household income. Those with incomes below 130% of the poverty line receive free lunch, while those between 130% and 185% qualify for reduced-price lunch. The percentage of students receiving free or reduced-price lunch serves as a marker for poverty, as it reflects the socioeconomic status of families in a given school or district. A higher FRPL rate typically indicates a higher concentration of low-income families, suggesting that the school or district may face additional challenges in providing adequate resources and support for student success.

Student/Teacher Ratio Coast High

Compare

Year	# Students	Full-time Teachers	Student/Teacher ratio	% Free/Discounted Lunch
1988	64	3.0	21.3	n/a
1989	370	1.0	370.0	n/a
1990	325	4.0	81.2	n/a
1991	294	3.0	98.0	n/a
1992	219	3.0	73.0	5
1993	167	1.0	167.0	3
1994	183	1.0	183.0	9.3
1995	201	1.2	167.5	2.5
1996	201	1.2	167.5	2.5
1997	244	2.5	97.6	0
1998	215	6.7	32.1	0.5
1999	198	0.0	0.0	4
2000	235	8.0	29.4	14.5
2001	216	10.0	21.6	3.7
2002	251	8.0	31.4	0
2003	251	8.0	31.4	0
2004	229	7.0	32.7	2.6
2005	280	6.0	46.7	5
2006	264	8.4	31.4	4.9
2007	262	7.6	34.5	5.4
2008	233	12.8	18.2	4.7
2009	211	9.0	15.1	7.1
2010	195	9.0	21.6	9.7
2011	162	n/a	n/a	16.7
2012	114	7.0	16.2	n/a
2013	108	6.0	18.0	15.7
2014	145	8.0	18.1	10.3
2015	155	9.0	17.2	20
2016	208	9.0	23.1	15.4
2017	198	11.6	16.9	20.2
2018	184	9.6	19.0	25.5
2019	226	12.5	18.0	26.5
2020	188	n/a	n/a	18.6
2021	180	11.2	15.9	23.3
2022	228	8.3	27.2	39.9
2023	183	9.3	19.5	32.8
2024	181	8.9	20.1	42.5

Data source: National Center for Education Statistics, U.S. Dept of Education.

About Student-Teacher Ratio

Student/teacher ratio is calculated by dividing the total number of students by the total number of full-time equivalent teachers. Please note that a smaller student/teacher ratio does not necessarily translate to smaller class size. In some instances, schools hire teachers part time, and some teachers are hired for specialized instruction with very small class sizes. These and other factors contribute to the student/teacher ratio. Note: For private schools, Student/teacher ratio may not include Pre-Kindergarten.

Finances

Per Pupil Expenditures for Coast High

Year	Total Expenditures Per Pupil
2018	$17,990

Data source: California Department of Education

Pre and Post Pandemic Data

Impact of COVID-19 on Coast High

The coronavirus has had a profound impact on education in America. Learning shifted online overnight, attendance numbers dwindled, and enrollment decreased. SchoolDigger.com is making it easier for you to better assess how COVID-19 has impacted your school. Through the collection of pre-pandemic (2019) and current data, SchoolDigger.com is sharing test scores, enrollment numbers and school demographics from schools across the country – and we make it easy to see how impacted schools compare locally and statewide.

Rankings

Rank Pre-pandemic (2018-2019)	Rank Post pandemic (2022-2023)	Change (%)
Ranks 1105^th of 2133 High schools	Ranks 726^th of 2348 High schools	20.9%

Test Scores

	% proficient Pre-pandemic (2018-2019)	% proficient Post pandemic (2022-2023)	Change (%)
11th Grade English Language Arts/Literacy (Coast High)	56.6	65.9	9.3%
11th Grade English Language Arts/Literacy (Huntington Beach Union High)	74.7	71.9	2.9%
11th Grade English Language Arts/Literacy (California)	57.3	55.4	1.9%
11th Grade Mathematics (Coast High)	15.4	18.8	3.4%
11th Grade Mathematics (Huntington Beach Union High)	48.9	43.5	5.5%
11th Grade Mathematics (California)	32.2	27.4	4.9%
11th Grade Science (Coast High)	19.2	24.2	5%
11th Grade Science (Huntington Beach Union High)	46.8	49.1	2.3%
11th Grade Science (California)	30.4	31.7	1.3%
12th Grade Science (Coast High)	17.1	58.3	41.3%
12th Grade Science (Huntington Beach Union High)	36.4	42.8	6.4%
12th Grade Science (California)	25.6	26.8	1.2%

Student Body

	Number of students Pre-pandemic (2018-2019)	Number of students Post pandemic (2022-2023)	Change (%)
Total Students	226	183	19%
African American	4	3	25%
American Indian	3	2	33.3%
Asian	32	23	28.1%
Hispanic	65	57	12.3%
Pacific Islander	1	3	200%
White	110	83	24.5%
Two or More Races	11	10	9.1%
% Free/Discounted Lunch Recipients	26.5%	32.8%	6.2%

Schools Near Coast High

Choose columns to see: Summary School Students/Teachers Ranking Test Scores Finance All

School													Students/Teachers											Ranking (2024)				Ranking (2023)				CAST Science (2024)			Smarter Balanced Assessments English Language Arts/Literacy (2024)		Smarter Balanced Assessments Mathematics (2024)		Per Pupil Expenditures (2018)
Name	Type	Grades	Address	City	Zip	County	District	Is Charter	Is Magnet	Is Virtual	Is Title I	Phone	Enrollment	Full-time Teachers	Student/ Teacher Ratio	Free/Discounted Lunch Recipients	White	Black	Hispanic	Asian	American Indian	Pacific Islander	Two or More Races	Average Standard Score (2024)	Statewide Rank (2024)	State Percentile (2024)	SchoolDigger Rating (2024)	Average Standard Score (2023)	Statewide Rank (2023)	State Percentile (2023)	Rank Change from Previous Year	CAST Science 11th Grade	CAST Science 12th Grade	CAST Science End of Course	Smarter Balanced Assessments English Language Arts/Literacy 11th Grade	Smarter Balanced Assessments English Language Arts/Literacy End of Course	Smarter Balanced Assessments Mathematics 11th Grade	Smarter Balanced Assessments Mathematics End of Course	Total
Coast High	Public	9-12	17231 Gothard St.	Huntington Beach	92647	Orange County	Huntington Beach Union High	No	(n/a)	No	(n/a)	(714) 842-4227	181	9	20.1	42.5%	78 (43.1%)	4 (2.2%)	63 (34.8%)	23 (12.7%)	1 (0.6%)	3 (1.7%)	9 (5.0%)	46.4	957^th of 2323 public high schools	58.8%		56.4	726^th of 2348 public high schools	69.1%	231	15.2		15.2	55.9	55.9	23.3	23.3	$17,990
Ocean View High	Public	9-12	17071 Gothard St.	Huntington Beach	92647	Orange County	Huntington Beach Union High	No	(n/a)	No	(n/a)	(714) 848-0656	1,216	62	19.4	76.3%	208 (17.1%)	20 (1.6%)	838 (68.9%)	99 (8.1%)	6 (0.5%)	3 (0.2%)	38 (3.1%)	39.6	1141^st of 2323 public high schools	50.9%		52.8	804^th of 2348 public high schools	65.8%	337	20.1	16.7	19.9	46.5	46.5	16.5	16.5	$12,791
Marina High	Public	9-12	15871 Springdale St.	Huntington Beach	92649	Orange County	Huntington Beach Union High	No	(n/a)	No	(n/a)	(714) 893-6571	2,007	89	22.5	47.8%	801 (39.9%)	18 (0.9%)	527 (26.3%)	511 (25.5%)	7 (0.3%)	7 (0.3%)	131 (6.5%)	90.6	149^th of 2323 public high schools	93.6%		91.6	150^th of 2348 public high schools	93.6%	1	53.9		53.9	76.4	76.4	52.7	52.7	$10,765
Valley Vista High	Public	9-12	9600 Dolphin St.	Fountain Valley	92708	Orange County	Huntington Beach Union High	No	(n/a)	No	(n/a)	(714) 964-7766	269	14	19.1	79.2%	55 (20.4%)	3 (1.1%)	169 (62.8%)	25 (9.3%)	1 (0.4%)	3 (1.1%)	10 (3.7%)	15.9	1786^th of 2323 public high schools	23.1%		17.9	1752^nd of 2348 public high schools	25.4%	34	11.0	15.4	11.4	18.6	18.6	4.7	4.7	$15,509
Fountain Valley High	Public	9-12	17816 Bushard	Fountain Valley	92708	Orange County	Huntington Beach Union High	No	(n/a)	No	(n/a)	(714) 962-3301	3,130	120	26.1	51.0%	640 (20.4%)	18 (0.6%)	521 (16.6%)	1,769 (56.5%)	6 (0.2%)	17 (0.5%)	156 (5.0%)	95.1	80^th of 2323 public high schools	96.6%		94.5	98^th of 2348 public high schools	95.8%	18	60.3	37.5	59.6	83.3	83.3	61.5	61.5	$9,260
Huntington Beach High	Public	9-12	1905 Main St.	Huntington Beach	92648	Orange County	Huntington Beach Union High	No	(n/a)	No	(n/a)	(714) 536-2514	2,734	112	24.4	33.3%	1,360 (49.7%)	20 (0.7%)	668 (24.4%)	401 (14.7%)	6 (0.2%)	8 (0.3%)	258 (9.4%)	82.8	285^th of 2323 public high schools	87.7%		89.5	186^th of 2348 public high schools	92.1%	99	49.5	40.0	49.3	68.0	68.0	41.9	41.9	$10,095
Westminster High	Public	9-12	14325 Goldenwest St.	Westminster	92683	Orange County	Huntington Beach Union High	No	(n/a)	No	(n/a)	(714) 893-1381	2,543	108	23.6	86.5%	87 (3.4%)	21 (0.8%)	1,262 (49.6%)	1,115 (43.8%)	4 (0.2%)	7 (0.3%)	43 (1.7%)	72.6	440^th of 2323 public high schools	81.1%		76.4	392^nd of 2348 public high schools	83.3%	48	36.6	25.9	36.1	64.3	64.3	37.5	37.5	$11,030
La Quinta High	Public	9-12	10372 McFadden St.	Westminster	92683	Orange County	Garden Grove Unified	No	(n/a)	No	(n/a)	(714) 663-6315	2,065	88	23.5	78.1%	75 (3.6%)	5 (0.2%)	371 (18.0%)	1,575 (76.3%)	1 (0.0%)	5 (0.2%)	31 (1.5%)	93.5	104^th of 2323 public high schools	95.5%		95.2	84^th of 2348 public high schools	96.4%	20	55.6	14.3	54.0	80.2	80.2	63.8	63.8	$12,280
Bolsa Grande High	Public	9-12	9401 Westminster Ave.	Garden Grove	92844	Orange County	Garden Grove Unified	No	(n/a)	No	(n/a)	(714) 663-6424	1,726	78	22.0	87.1%	63 (3.7%)	8 (0.5%)	647 (37.5%)	978 (56.7%)	1 (0.1%)	10 (0.6%)	18 (1.0%)	79.2	341^st of 2323 public high schools	85.3%		75.7	402^nd of 2348 public high schools	82.9%	61	39.7		39.2	66.3	66.3	46.0	46.0	$12,703
Los Amigos High	Public	9-12	16566 Newhope St.	Fountain Valley	92708	Orange County	Garden Grove Unified	No	(n/a)	No	(n/a)	(714) 663-6288	1,437	76	18.8	94.4%	27 (1.9%)	6 (0.4%)	1,200 (83.5%)	188 (13.1%)	0 (0.0%)	4 (0.3%)	11 (0.8%)	58.2	678^th of 2323 public high schools	70.8%		49.7	873^rd of 2348 public high schools	62.8%	195	27.3	0.0	26.5	58.8	58.8	28.3	28.3	$12,911

Coast High

Coast High:

High School Test Score Ratings by Student Subgroup:

Huntington Beach Union High:

What do you think?

Rank History for Coast High

Rank History for all students at Coast High

Rank History for Low Socio Economic Status students at Coast High

Rank History for Female students at Coast High

Rank History for Male students at Coast High

Rank History for Hispanic students at Coast High

Rank History for White students at Coast High

Enrollment information for Coast High

Students eligible for free or discounted lunch at Coast High

Student/Teacher Ratio Coast High

Per Pupil Expenditures for Coast High

Impact of COVID-19 on Coast High

Rankings

Test Scores

Student Body

Schools Near Coast High

Coast High

Ocean View High

Marina High

Valley Vista High

Fountain Valley High

Huntington Beach High

Westminster High

La Quinta High

Bolsa Grande High

Los Amigos High

Frequently Asked Questions about Coast High

Is Coast High a good school?

What is the racial makeup of Coast High?

What district is Coast High in?

How many students attend Coast High?

Rate Coast High!

Other helpful SchoolDigger resources...

Sign up for updates!